Integration of Problem-Based Learning Models and Gibss Reflection Models in Learning. The integration of learning models is a common thing in the world of education. The merger or alignment of various learning models is expected to improve the quality of learning carried out.
It should also be understood, that not all merging of
learning models can be applied. So it must be reviewed regarding the
effectiveness and needs of each class.
Method of Merging Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Method and Gibss Reflection Model
The merger of the problem-based learning (PBL) learning method and the Gibss reflection model, is done in tandem, rather than merged into one. In practice, it will start with the implementation of problem-based learning first and then continue with the implementation of reflection using the Gibss Model. According to Herlina (2022), The use of problem-based learning (PBL) methods can improve the student reflection process, with an increase in reflective thinking skills in students.
Understanding Problem-Based Learning Methods
The problem-based learning method is an active, integrated, and constructive
learning process because it is influenced by social and contextual factors.
This approach is student-centered, while the teacher is only a facilitator.
The framework in the problem-based learning method is to
discuss the problem at the beginning of learning as a stimulus before learning
In problem-based learning, students
are encouraged to analyze a problem and consider alternative analysis.
Susanto (2016), stated that the problem-based
learning method places students as
the main objects in learning and thinking skills. Students are trained to think
independently and confidently by appreciating every activity that occurs.
In its application, problem-based
learning has several stages as follows,
- Formulating
the problem,
- Diagnosing
the problem,
- Formulate
alternative strategies,
- Determining
the preferred strategy,
- Evaluate
processes and results.
Definition of Reflection
While reflection is an activity that
takes place during the learning cycle. When reflections are carried out, it
will be evaluated whether the experience is good or bad when studying,
conducting learning introspection, or connecting the learning experience with
previous knowledge. This concept is feedback from learners on learning during
problem discussions.
Reflection activities are an important
part of learning. This activity aims to recall the actions and processes of
learning that have been carried out in the form of observation, and review what has
happened and there are shortcomings that are still incomplete from the research
that has been carried out.
Understanding the Gibss Reflection Model
The most commonly used reflection
model is the Gibss reflection model. The Gibss model is a reflective cycle
initiated by Graham Gibbs. He is an expert engaged in education at the
University of Oxford. This gibbs model is a development of the Kolb cycle
created in 1984which includes concrete experience stages, reflective
observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimental planning.
In the Kolb cycle there are six
stages, namely;
- Description
- Feeling
- Evaluation
- Analysis
- Conclusion
- Action plan
Stages of Application of Problem based-learning and Gibss Reflection in Learning
1. Implementation Problem-Based Learning
Students will be given
learning about material or topics that have been predetermined by the teacher.
Then, the teacher asks the students to carry out a problem-based
learning process based on the learning
material and reflect on what has been done after the PBL process.
This activity begins with identifying
problems contained in lectures followed by problem formulation, making
alternative solutions, determining alternative solutions, and making answers to
problem formulations.
2. Implementation of Reflection with the
Gibss Model
The next process is a reflection through
a reflective cycle of Gibbs which consists of describing what happened,
thinking and pondering, presenting the results of the evaluation, presenting
the results of the analysis, making conclusions, and explaining the next plan.
3. Monitoring the problem-based learning and reflection process
The monitoring process is carried out
by the teacher either directly or using learning instruments. The instruments
that can be used by teachers can be scale sheets or other forms.Integration of Problem-Based Learning Models and Gibss Reflection Models in Learning